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Dreiser was born in a poor American family. At the age of sixteen he left home and had to support himself by doing odd jobs. As soon as he was able to pay for his education, he entered the university. But after a year he had to leave the university because of money difficulties. At that time he began working as a newspaper reporter in different towns of the United States.
His first novel “Sister Carrie” was published in 1900. This book described the life and struggle of a poor country girl who went to Chicago in search of work. The book was realistic and true to life. It mercilessly exposed the bourgeois society. So it was pronounced immoral and immediately banned. But Dreiser did not give in. He started his long fight for the right of a writer to describe life as he sees it.
He met with censorship again when “The Genius” was published and later with the publication of “An American Tragedy”, but still he continued to give truthful and realistic pictures of the American bourgeois society. He continued to expose the world of capitalism as a world of injustice, selfishness and cruelty.
In “An American Tragedy”, his best known novel which was based on a real-life case, Dreiser gives the tragic story of a young American, corrupted by the morals of the American capitalist society. But Dreiser always believed in man. “Belief in the greatness and dignity of man has been the guiding principle of my life and work,” said Dreiser.
Dreiser was a great realist. He established a new school of realism in American literature.
In 1927 Dreiser was in the Soviet Union. He was greatly impressed with what he saw in our country. In 1928 he published his book “Dreiser Looks at Russia” which was one of the first books that told the American people the truth about the Soviet Union.
Dreiser was an active participant in the struggle of the progressive forces in America and supported the working-class movement.
It was quite natural, therefore, that in 1945, not long before his death, Dreiser became a member of the Communist Party. In his letter, published in the “Daily Worker”, Dreiser wrote that the logic of his life and work had led him to apply for membership in the Communist Party. “I had believed,” he wrote, “that the common people and first of all the workers of the United States and of the world are the creators of their own future.”