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New York is the largest city in the world and the biggest seaport. It is the money center of the United States.
New York is situated in the north-east of the USA in the state of New York or the Empire State.
In comparison with such ancient historical cities as Rome, Moscow, London or Paris, New York is quite young. It was founded in 1613 by Dutch settlers. A Dutchman, Peter Minuit, bought Manhattan Island from the Indians for 24 dollars and a barrel of rum. The Americans say that this was the best business deal ever made in New York. In 1613 the Dutch had built only four small houses in Manhattan. New Amsterdam was the first name of the city. After the English had taken over the city in 1626 it was renamed New York after the Duke of York who was commander of the English army.
During the War for Independence New York was an important political center, and for five years from 1785 till 1790, the capital of the USA.
The population of New York numbers 8 million people, together with the population of its suburbs it comes to 16 million people (1970).
It is a multi-national city, the people that live in it speak seventy-five different languages.
Manhattan is the name of an island which forms the heart of New York. The island is 13 miles long, 2 miles wide, and lies at the mouth of the Hudson River. The population of Manhattan is about two million people. Here is the heart of America’s business and culture, the city of sky-scrapers, of Broadway, of Wall Street, which is the center of American money business. The street got its name in the old days when one of the Dutch governors of New Amsterdam built a wall across Manhattan to protect the colonists from the Indians. The wall was later broken down but the name remained.
Harlem — the largest Negro ghetto is also in Manhattan. The houses are old and dirty, there are few schools and few hospitals. Very many Negroes are out of work because a colored person in the USA is “the last to be hired and the first to be fired”. Like other capitalist cities New York is a city of deep social contrasts.
